(. )
" Vande Mataram " ( ) " , " [a] [2]
, , - ; , -
- ( )
( ) [8] [9] [10]
[11] []
Assamese Bengali Bodo Dogri Gujarati Hindi Kannada Kashmiri Kokborok Konkani Maithili Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Mizo Nepali Odia Punjabi Sanskrit Santali Sindhi Tamil Telugu Urdu
447 [c] (2011)
79,8% 14,2% 2,3% 1,7% 0,7% 0,4% 0,23% 0,65% [14] () , , , , , G4 , , G8 + 5 , G20 , •
• -
Venkaiah Naidu • -
•
•
•
•
•
•
15 1947 . •
26 1950 .
•
3 287 263 [2] 2 (1 269 219 . ) [] ( 7- ) • (%)
9,6 • 2018
1 352 642 280 [15] [16] ( 2- ) • 2011
1 210 854 977 [17] [18] ( 2- ) •
406,7 / 2 (1 053,3 / . ) ( 19- ) ( ) 2020 •
$ 12,363 [19] ( 3- ) •
9 027 . [19] ( 118- ) () 2020 •
3,202 [19] ( 5- ) •
2338 . [19] ( 139- ) (2013) 33,9 [20] · 79- (2018) 0,647 [21] · 129- (₹) ( INR ) UTC + 05:30 ( IST ) 230 – 50 [22] +91 ISO 3166 TLD .in ( )
, ( : ), [23] . , . , - -, ; [f] , ; . - ; .
55 000 . [24]
, -, , . [25] 9000 , . [26]
1200 . .., , - , -, , . [27] . [28]
400 . .., , [29]
, . [30]
, . [31]
[32], [33] . [] , - - . [35]
, , . [36]
, [37]
. [38]
15 . [39]
, , . [40]
1526 , [41]
. [h] [42]
- , , . [43] 1858 . , , , [44], , , . [45]
, . [46] 1947 , , . [47] [48]
1950 , . , . 361 1951 1211 2011 . [49]
64 1498 , - 16,6% 74%. 1951 , [50]
, . [51] , . , . [52]
, . [53]
, , . , , 20- . [54]
- , , , , [55]
. [56]
, . [57] 21,4% . [58] , , [59] .
( 2009 ), «» , ; ( isticνδία ); Indos ( Ἰνδός ); , ; , , , , «», , , . [60] [61] , ( ), « ».
( Bhārat ; [ˈbʱaːɾət] ( ) ), , , [63] [64] , . , , [65] [66] 19- , . [63] [67]
( [ɦɪndʊˈstaːn] ( ) ) - - , . , , , . [63] [67]
() , XIV .. , 1500 1200 . .. . () « », « », 700 . .. 200 . .., , 17- .
55 000 , Homo Sapiens , , . [69] [70] [71]
30 000 . 6500 . .., , , . , , 2500–1900 . .. . , - , , , , .
2000–500 . .. . , , , , , . , -. , , , , , . . , , , , .
: () , 250 . . .; () , 350 . . .; () 26 , , V ..
, 6- .., - 16 , . , . . , , , ; . . , 3- .., . - , , , , . , , . .
, 200 . .. 200 .., Cheras , , , , - . , . 4- 5- ; . , , , . , . , , , .
() 1022 . .; () , , 1010 ..
, 600 . 1200 . .., . , - 606 647 . . ., , . , . , , , , . , . , , , , . , , .
6- 7- . , . , , , , , . , . 8- 9- , - , , , , , , , , . , , ; - , .
() 1398 .. ( « »); () , 73 (240 ), ,
10- , , , - , 1206 . . , . 13- , , , , , , , - . . , .
: () 1525 ; () 1605 ; (c) -
16 , , . , . , , . , , , , . , . , 17- , , , . , , , , , . . , .
: () - 1795 ; () 1848 ; () Mohur 1835 IV, , ,
18- , , , - , . - , , ; , 1765 . 1820- . , , . , . , , , , .
, - 1848 1885 . 1848 . , . - - , . , . , , , . , 1857 . , , , , , . 1858 , - . , , . 1885 . [141]
19- , . , , , . : , , . , , .
, , . , , , . 1930- ; . : . 1947 , : .
, 1950 , . , . , 1990 - , , , . , . , , , , , ; ; Naxalite ; - . . ; , , , .
, , - . 75 , , , - , -, -. , - , . , , , . , - . , .
, . , . . , , , ; , . , 6 ° 44 ' 35 ° 30' . [I] 68 ° 7 ' 97 ° 25' . [166]
7517 (4700 ) ; 5423 (3400 ) , 2094 (1300 ) - , . - , : 43% ; 11% , ; 46% .
, , , . ; , , . [171] , , , , , ; , . ; . : , - ; - .
, . , , . - , . : , , .
- , , 17 , , . [181] 8,6% , 13,7% , 7,9% , 6% , 12,2% 6,0% . . 34 , [57] [185] , . [J]
701 673 2 (270 917 . ), 21,35% . , . [186] , 70%, 2,61% . [186] , , - . , 40% 70%, 9,59% . [186] , , . , 10% 40%, 9,14% , [186] Babul -dominated .
, , , [188] , peepul , [189] , - , [190] , [191]
, , 100 . . . , , . , 12,6%, 45,8% 55,8% . [194] [195] [196] [196] [197] .
172 -designated , 2,9% . . : , ; ; , , , . [199] . , 1935 , . 1972 [200] «» ; 1980 , 1988 . [201] , [202] . ; - . [203]
. : 25 000 -, PV 350 (220 ), , 2007 , -, . [204]
- . , , (), 40 . , [208] . 1950 , , 1980- . , , , , . [213]
, 1951, 1957 1962 , . 1964 -; 1966 , 1967 1971 . , 1975 , 1977 ; Janata , , . . 1980 , 1984 , ; , . 1989 , . , . 1991 ; . , , .. . [215]
1996 . . BJP 1996 ; , . 1998 , (). , NDA , , . , 2004 , , : (). , . 2009 , . - 1957 1962 , . [218] 2014 1984 , . [219] - , . 20 2017 14- 25 2017 . [220] [221] [222]
, - . , « , ». . , 26 1950 , « , ». ; « 1971 « , , , ». , « - » , 1990- , .
() [8] [9] [10] " " ₹ ( ) [229]
: [230]
: , , . - . , - , . , - , , -. , , . ; - . , .
: - . , , ( ), , ( ). - 245 , . , . , , 545 ; . - , , , .
: , , 25 . , , . , , , .
(1–28) (A – H)
1. -
2. -
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. -
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26. -
27.
28.
.
.
C.
.
.
.
G.
.
, 28 8 . , , , . . 1956 . , , , . [247]
,
1950- 60- . [248] : ( ), , 1961 .
1950- . , 1962 , , . ; : 1947 , 1965 , 1971 1999 . , 1971 , . 1980- : - 1987 1990 ; 1988 . 1965 ; 1960- .
, [252] . . 100 000 35 . , G8 + 5 . . , [254] ; « » , , , , , .
221 - 14 2009 , , , 1768 [257]
1964 , 1965 . 1974 1998 . , , , . « » ». « ». [261] . [262] [263] . . [264]
, . 2008 . , , . , - . , , , .
; 1,359 . , . , , , . 2011 36,03 , 1,83% . 2012-2013 40,44 . 2008 . (SIPRI), 72,7 . . 2011 11,6% , . 2012 ; 2007 2011 10% , . . 2017 . - . [278] 2018, 5,43 $ ( ₹ 400 ) S-400 -, . [279]
: () - , . 2018 44% . [280] (b) , , . 57% 2018 . [281] (c) , . 2018 80% , . [282]
(), 2019 2,9 ; 11 , , . [19] 5,8%, 2011–2012 6,1%. . , 139- 118- . 1991 , . . 1991 ; [287] , , . 1 1995 .
2016 , 513,7 , . 55,6% , - 26,3%, - 18,1%. 70 2014 , , 25 , . [291] : , , , , , , . : , , , , , , , , , , , . 2006 24% 6% 1985 . [287] 2008 1,68%; [292] 2011 . : , , , , , . : , , , . 2001 2011 14% 42%. 2013 . [295]
7,5% 2007 , [287] 21- . 1985 431 ; , 2030 580 . , 2010 51- , 17- , 24- , 44- 39- . , . 2009 15 . , , , 2030 . 2% . [300]
329 . 1991 , , 1265 . 2010 1723 . 2016 . , 2020 2 358 . [19]. , , , , , - , , . , , , , .
, . 1980- , , - , - . [302]
PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) 2011 , 2045 . , 8% , 2050 . : ; - ; , . , , , , , , . [304]
2017 , Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), 400 160 , : (3- ), ( 5- ), (5- ) - (8- ). [305]
, , 2010–2011 227 2017 . [307]
, , 26% 2009-2010 , 36% 2008-2009 . 300 , 42 . [310] 2011 - 2,8 . , 100 . . , 7,5% , 26% .
. , 2020 48,5 . . 60% . [312] [313] 12 . [314] 15,1% 2012–2013 ., 204,4 . ( ) 235,24 . (3,94 . . 2013 .). [316]
-
, - . 2006 , , 1,25 . . [318] 60% 1981 42% 2005 . [319] , 2011 21%. [1] [321] 30,7% . [322] 2015 , 15% . [323] [324] Mid-Day .
Walk Free 2016 , 18,3 , 1,4% , , , , , . , [326] [327] [328] 2011 , 10,1 , 2,6 , 12,6 2001 . [329]
1991 : 2007 3,2 , . , . , 78- 180 2018 41 100, 85- 2014 . [331] [332]
,
1,210,193,422 2011 , . 17,64% 2001 2011 21,54% (1991–2001). 2011 940 1000 . 27,6 2016 . , 1951 , 361 . [335] , 50 , , « » « .
68 - 69,6 , 67,3 . [337] 100 000 50 . . , , 31,2% 1991 2001 . , 2001 70% . 27,81% 2001 31,16% 2011 . 1991 . [342] 2011 , 53 ; , , , , , , . [343] 2011 74,04%: 65,46% 82,14% . , 21,2 2001 , 16,1 2011 . , . [342] - 93,91%; 63,82%.
: ( 74% ) ( 24% ). , , - . . , , . « »; . , , , 22 « ».
2011 , (79,80% ), (14,23%); (2,30%), (1,72%), (0,70%), (0,36%) [] (0,9%). [14] , , , , - . [348] [349]
4500 . ( . 1700 - . 500 . .. ) , , , , , , , , . : , , , , . , , , , - , , .
,
, - , - , . . , « » «» , , ; , . . , , - , , « ». -, 1631 1648 , « ". [359] - , 19 , - .
, 1500 . .. 1200 . .., . [361] (. 1500 . .. - 1200 . ..), : (. 400 . .. - 400 . ..) (. 300 . .. ); Abhijñānaśākuntalam ( (. 5 . ..) . , (. 600 . .. - 300 . ..), 2381 , 473 , . XIV-XVIII - , , . ; , . 19 - . 20 - , , , .
. : . ; . . : , , , , , . , , , . : , -, , -, , . , . , , : , , , , -, . , . (NSD), -. , . [375] . , , , , , , , , , , . ( ) , 43% ; , 36%. [378]
1959 . [379] 1990 - . . ; , 2012 554 , 462 / , , (350 ), (156 ) (37). ).
. . , , "". [384] 1947 . , , .
, , . , , . , , , . [390] , ; 18 , . - ; 15 63 50- , 2014 , , , 20 . [392] , 21 . [393] - , , . [394] , , . [395] , , , . [396]
. : , , , , , - , - , . [397] [398]
, , , . [399] , , , , . [399] , , . [399] , , , . [399] . , , , , . [399]
, , , . [400] . [400] , , . , , , . , , (, , , , ) ( , , ). [400]
(a) ( l. r) , ; ; ; () ; () ; () ,
. [401] , 48 . .., , . [401] , , , , , . [401] , : , . [401] , , . [401]
, . , . [402] , , , . Kameez - . [403] , [404] ), . Kameez ; ; Kameez , Kameez , , ; . [405] , - , , [406] [407] . [408]
[409]
, , , . [401] ; , , ; , , - . [410] , , ; , ; , ; , shalwars , churidars , . [410]
50 . , . [411] , . 411 , , . . [411] , . . [411] , , , [412]
[411], , , .
, : () - ; () () , () , () , ; (f) .
. , , , , , , , . , . [413] , , - . , , ; Vindaloo ; . [414] , , , , , , . . [415] , . [416]
, , , , , . [417] , , , . [417] , , - , , , , , . [418] [417]
, . [419] , , , , , , , , , . [419] , , , , , , , - , - - - , . [419]
, . [420] , , , , , - - , . [420] [421] . [421] , , , , , , . , [422]
. ; , , , , [418] , [423] , , -. [424] , , . [424] , - , , , , , , , [424] . [425]
, , . , 1947 . [420] , , , , , . [420]
, , , - . , , Musti , silambam , . , , , ṅ , . , parcheesi .
, 2010- , . , . , , ( .. - ), . , , , - . [435]
- . [437] - , . [438]
: 1951 1982 ; 1987 , 1996 2011 ; 2003 ; 2006 ICC Trophy ; 2010 ; 2010 ; FIFA U-17 . , , , , . - -1 2011 , F1 2014 . . , . [440]
^ "[...] - , , ; Vande Mataram , . , Jana Gana Mana "( 1950 ).
^ XVII , , . [6] , .
^ , , «» «» . , SIL International, 461 ( 6 912 ), 447 , 14 . [12] [13]
^ " , . 3 287 260 2 (1 269 220 . ), - 3 060 500 2 (1 181 700 . ); 3 287 263 2 (1 269 219 . ) 2 973 190 2 (1 147 960 . ). "( 2004 ).
^ .
^ , . , , , . : « ( )» (PDF) . (PDF) 17 2015 . +1 2 008 .
^ " , . , , , , . , .
^ " 800 (500 ) - (" ") - . -. " [42]
^ - ; , -, , . 37 ° 6 ′ .
^ - , 1500 , 30% . [185]
^ , 40% 70% .
^ 2015 1,90 . . [320]
^ , 2011 « » (0,65%) « » (0,23%).
^ : " | " . India.gov.in. 4 2017 . +1 March 2 017 . « », , 24 1950 .
^ « : « » » . 18 . 17 2019 . 7 2 019 .
^ " | " . India.gov.in. 30 2013 . 23 2013 .
^ « - 17, » . ( ). 8 2016 . +1 2017 .
^ : , (25 2010 ). « : » . . 18 2014 . 5 May +2014 .
^ : a b « : « » » . 10 2017 .
^ : a b - (25 2010 ). «, : » . . . 4 2014 . +23 2014 .
^ « : 50- ( 2012 . - 2013 .)» (PDF) . , , . (PDF) 8 2016 . +26 2014 .
^ , . ; , .; , ., . (2014). «: ( ): » . , : SIL International . +15 2014 .
^ Ethnologue: ( ) World: 17 2014 Wayback Machine . 17 2014 .
^ : a b "C −1 - 2011" . . 25 2015 . +25 +2015 .
^ « » - « » . pop.un.org . , . +9 2019 .
^ " « "- : 2019 " (xslx) . .un.org ( , -). , . +9 2019 .
^ « ( )» . 2011 . , . 22 2016 . +17 +2016 .
^ «A - 2 1901 » (PDF) . 2011 . , . (PDF) 30 2016 . +17 +2016 .
^ : « World Economic Outlook, 2019» . IMF.org . . 30 +2019 .
^ « » . . 10 2010 . +14 2017 .
^ « 2019» (PDF) . . 10 2019 . 10 +2019 .
^ " " . worldstandards.eu . 13 2020 . +10 2 020 .
^ - Essential Desk Reference , , 2002, . 76, ISBN 978-0-19-512873-4 « : .»; - (2017), , : , . 421, ISBN 978-1-349-65771-1 « : ; ()»; - (2017), « : 194 » , Taylor & Francis , p. 302, ISBN 978-1-351-93326-1 « : ; .»; - , . (2015), , , . 108, ISBN 978-1-317-40511-5 « : : ; : »; - , , 2012, . 140, ISBN 978-0-7566-9859-1 « : »; - Merriam-Webster (3- .), Merriam-Webster , 1997, . 515–516, ISBN 978-0-87779-546-9 «, »; - , 3- : , DK Publishing , 2016, . 54, ISBN 978-1-4654-5528-4 « : »; - 2013 , CQ Press , 10 2013 , . 726, ISBN 978-1-4522-9937-2 " ( ; )"
^
() , (2018), : , , . 1, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 ; () . ; (22 2007 .) : , , . Springer Science + Business Media . . 6. ISBN 978-1-4020-5562-1 , ; () , . (2018), : XXI , , . 23, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2
^ , (2018), : , , . 28, ISBN
978-0-19-882905-8
^
() , (2018), : , , . 4–5, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 ; () , . (2018), : , , . 33, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2
^
() , (2018), : , , . 14–15, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 ; () , (2011), , , . 46, ISBN 978-0-230-34549-2 ; (c) Ludden, David (2013), : , Oneworld Publications , . 19, ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6
^
() , (2018), : , , . 25, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 ; () , (2018), : , , . 16, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8
^ , (2018), : , , . 16, ISBN
978-0-19-882905-8
^ , . (2018), : , , . 59, ISBN
978-1-107-11162-2
^
() , (2018), : , , . 16–17, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 ; () , . (2018), : , , . 67, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 ; (c) , (2011), , , . 56–57, ISBN 978-0-230-34549-2 ; (d) Ludden, David (2013), : , Oneworld Publications , . 29–30, ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6
^
() , (2013), : , Oneworld , . 28–29, ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6 ; (b) (2014), «» , . ; ; (.), , : , Routledge , . 46–48, ISBN 978-1-135-45932-1
^
() , (2018), : , , . 20, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 ; () , (2010), , , . 90, ISBN 978-1-4443-2351-1 ; (c) , . (1999), « » , . , . (.), « : » , , . 27 –29, ISBN 0-253-21267-7
^ , .; , (2006), , , . 17, ISBN
978-0-521-80904-7
^
() , (2013), : , Oneworld Publications , . 54, ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6 ; () , .; , (2006), , , . 78–79, ISBN 978-0-521-80904-7 ; () , . (2018), : XXI , , . 76, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2
^
() , (2013), : , Oneworld , . 68–70, ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6 ; () , .; , (2006), , , . 19, 24, ISBN 978-0-521-80904-7
^
() , (20 2018), : , , . 48, ISBN 978-0-19-256430-6 ; () , .; , (2006), , , . 52, ISBN 978-0-521-80904-7
^ , .; , (2006), , , . 74, ISBN
978-0-521-80904-7 "
^ , .; , (2006), , , . 267, ISBN
978-0-521-80904-7
^ , .; , (2006), , , . 152, ISBN
978-0-521-80904-7
^ : , . (2018), : , , . 106, ISBN
978-1-107-11162-2
^
() , .; , (2006), , , . 289, ISBN 978-0-521-80904-7 ; () , . (2018), : , , . 120, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2
^ , (2016), « » , Aldrish, Robert; , (.), : , , . 38–39, ISBN 978-1-5261-0088-7 ; () Peers, . (2013), : 1700–1885 , Routledge , p. 76, ISBN 978-1-317-88286-2 , 31 2017 , 13 2019
^ , ; Hay, Stephen N .; , (1988), « : » , : , , . 85, ISBN
978-0-231-06414-9
^ , .. (2001), , , . 179–181, ISBN 978-0-521-00254-7
^ , (2001), , 1885-1947: , , , ISBN 978-0-582-38173-5
^ , .; , . (2006), , , . 222, ISBN 978-1-139-45887-0
^ , (2018), : , , . 219, 262, ISBN
978-0-19-882905-8
^ , . (2018), : XXI , , . 8, ISBN
978-1-107-11162-2
^ , .; , . (2012), , , . 265–266, ISBN
978-1-107-02649-0
^ , .; , . (2012), , , . 266, ISBN
978-1-107-02649-0
^ , (2018), : , , . 216, ISBN
978-0-19-882905-8
^ () ", " , , 13 2019 , 15 2019 , , - ... 1947 . ; (b) , , « , , » , , 2 2019 , 16 2019 , , () , ,. .. , ; (c) C.E. Bosworth (2006), "Kashmir" , Encyclopedia Americana , Scholastic Library Publishing , p. 328, ISBN 978-0-7172-0139-6 , KASHMIR, kash'mer, , , , . , 1947 .
^ , ; , ; , (2018 ). « : ». . 40 (1): 126–141. doi : 10.1057 / s41271-018-0149-5 . ISSN 0197-5897 . PMID 30353132 .
^ , ; , ; . (2019). « , : 2017 » . . 3 (1): e26 – e39. doi : 10.1016 / S2542-5196 (18) 30261-4 . ISSN 2542-5196 . PMC 6358127 . PMID 30528905 .
^ : , (), 2019 .
^ Jha, Raghbendra (2018), , II: , Springer , p. 198, ISBN
978-1-349-95342-4
^ , . ; , (2005), " " , ; ; (.), , ? , Cambridge University Press , . 374, ISBN 978-0-521-53203-7
^ India () , , 3- , 2009 ( )
^ , . (1970), " / / ", ; (.), .. , , . 447–450
^ : -, (2014). « „ , ...“: , » . . 10 . 28 2015 .
^ 2008 .
^ Jha, Dwijendra Narayan (2014), , Routledge , p. 11, ISBN 978-1-317-49034-0
^ , (2017), , , . 253, ISBN 978-0-674-98128-7
^ : , (2003). « : ». : . 26 (1): 37–49. doi : 10.1080 / 085640032000063977 .
^ , (2018), : , , . 1, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 : « - Homo Sapiens - . , , 60 000 80 000 , - . , ... ... , Homo sapiens 55 000 , , , 30 000 . ( 1) "
^ . ; (22 2007 .) : , , . Springer Science + Business Media . . 6. ISBN 978-1-4020-5562-1 , : « Y- Mt- , . ... 73 55 . ».
^ , . (2018), : XXI , , . 23, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 : « , Homo Sapiens 80 000 40 000 , , , . , , . . , 75 000 35 000 (. 23)
^ Copland 2001 , . IX-X. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFCopland2001 (help )
^ 2007 , . 1.
^ , ; , ; Kentley, Eric (2003), Boats of South Asia , Routledge , p. 257, ISBN 978-1-134-43130-4
^ , ; SJ, (2017), , , . 78, ISBN 978-1-316-87051-8
^ , BBC News, 30 2019 , 1 2019 , 2 2019
^ , A – Z
^ : , .; , C. (2018), « » , , C .; , . (.), : , , Springer , p. 5, ISBN 978-981-10-6605-4
^ : , (2018), , II: , Springer , p. 198, ISBN 978-1-349-95342-4
^ , (2006), : , , . 295, ISBN 978-0-19-567710-2 : « , . (. 295)»
^ , . (2013), Animal Kingdoms , Harvard University Press , p. 106, ISBN 978-0-674-07480-4 , , , Mewari .
^ , ; , ; , ; , (2018), : , , , , . 156–157, ISBN 978-1-108-17351-3 : « , , , , ... , , , , . , , « » - ».
^ (2011), « : » , John Wiley & Sons , p. 358, ISBN 978-1-4443-6005-9 : «, , peepal ( Ficus Religiosa )».
^ , .; . . (2008). " ". , . 2008 : e.T44694A10927987. doi : 10.2305 / IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T44694A10927987.en .
^ "Semnopithecus johnii" . ITIS . 29 2018 . 27 2018 .
^ : .. ; ; .. ; .. ; ; (2004). " Duttaphrynus beddomii ". . . 2004 : e.T54584A86543952. doi : 10.2305 / IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54584A11155448.en .
^ , . (2015). " Duttaphrynus beddomii (Günther, 1876)" . : -. 6.0 . . 21 2015 . 13 2015 .
^ , .; , . (2016), , , . 599, ISBN 978-1-118-29105-4
^ 1972 .
^ 1988 .
^ .
^ - .
^ , (2019), , , Routledge , p. 83, ISBN 978-0-429-88566-2
^ , ; , Aseema (2010). « , , 1980–2000 ». . 40 (1): 91–113. : 10.1017 / s0007123409990226 .
^ 2004 , . 117.
^ " " . . 24 2004 13 2009 . 2 +2008 .
^ 2009 .
^ "BJP 1984 , " . . IANS. 16 2014. 21 2014 . 20 May 2 014 .
^ « » (PDF) . eci.nic.in . 21 2017 . (PDF) 11 2017 .
^ "" . . 21 2017 .
^ " : 14- " . . 25 2017. 11 2017 . 10 2 017 .
^ , . . (2016), , , . 117, ISBN 978-0-19-102232-6
^ « , » . deccanherald.com . 2 2012 4 2012 . 4 2012 .
^ « » (PDF) . legallature.gov.in . (PDF) 16 2019 . 16 +2016 .
^ "" . . 15 2019 . +7 2 019 .
^ , (3 2018 ). : , (1927–1992) . . . 92–93. ISBN 978-90-04-33613-1 ,
^ « , -: | » . timesnownews.com . 14 2018 . 14 2018 .
^ ; . ( 2011). « : » . . 25 2017 . 19 May 2017 .
^ , (13 2009 .), «» , The Guardian : « . , - , . .. ".
^ 2009 .
^ , (8 2015 ). «Make-in-India: 5- » . . TNN.
^ - . « : » (PDF) . .
^ ", " . . 5 2009 7 2011 . +8 +2011 .
^ « Isro-Saarc » . . Deccan Herald. 12 2015. 28 2015 . 22 2015 .
^ " -400 : , " . . 5 2018. 5 2018 . 9 2018 .
^ « (% ) ( )» , , 2019 , 22 2019 , 22 2019
^ « , (% ) ( )» , , 2019 ., 22 2019 . , 22 2019 .
^ , (2015), « , » , The Hindu Business Line , 20 2019 , 26 2019 : « 80 , »
^ : 2007 .
^ (17 2015 .). « » . dawn.com . 16 2015 . +17 2015 .
^ « » , « » , 28 2009 ., 12 2014 . , 23 2011 .
^ Comtrade (4 2015 ). « » . Economictimes : TechCrunch . 5 2014 . 2 2014 .
^ « ? -» . ibtimes.co . 6 2013 . 31 2013 .
^ , .; , (2007), : , , Routledge , p. 208, ISBN 978-1-135-98422-9
^ , 2010 . , , 2010 ., 22 2011 . , 23 2011 .
^ « » . . 21 2017. 25 2017 . +25 May 2 017 .
^ , (28 2017 ). « 23%, ; Samsung, Xiaomi » . The Economic Times . 31 2017 . 5 +2017 .
^ « 300 » . . 16 2017 .
^ (10 2012 .). « , : » . The Economic Times . 16 2013 . +31 2 012 .
^ « - » . . 15 2012 16 2013 . +31 2 012 .
^ : 2011, utki.gov.uk
^ « 6» . Differding.com. 11 2014 . 23 2014 . +4 2 014 .
^ , ; (11 2014 .), « » , -, :
^ : (PDF) , , 29 2006 ., (PDF) 14 2012 . , 7 2009 .
^ - , , 6 2012 , 23 2011
^ , ; , (7 2015 ). « « » » . Vox . 14 2017 . +26 2 017 .
^ « 1,90 . ( 2011 ) (% )» . . 15 2017 . +26 2 017 .
^ « 55- » . India Times . 13 2014. 19 2014 . 18 2014 .
^ - (28 2015 .). « 194 : » . . 2 2016 .
^ « : » . dawn.com . 29 2015 . 29 2015 .
^ « - 2016» . Walk Free Foundation . 3 2017 . +21 +2017 .
^ « , -, : » . hindustantimes.com . 31 2016 1 2017 . +21 +2017 .
^ " " . . 1 2016 1 2017 . +21 +2017 .
^ « » (PDF) . . (PDF) 1 2017 . +21 +2017 .
^ « » . . 27 2016 20 2018 . +21 +2017 .
^ « 2018» (PDF) . . . . (PDF) 21 2019 . 15 +2019 .
^ « » (PDF) . . () . (PDF) 12 2011 . +13 +2013 .
^ " " . . 21 2014 .
^ : 2011 .
^ « / 1 » (PDF) . , . (PDF) 17 2013 . +12 May 2014 .
^ « 1,57 » . . 8 2009 . 1 2013 .
^ « 2012» (PDF) . . (PDF) 7 2014 .
^ , .
^ 2000 .
^ " - " . www.tribuneindia.com . 10 2017 . 4 2017 .
^ "Digital March Media & Entertainment " (PDF) . Deloitte . 21 2014 .
^ , : , 1990–2010 ( Oxford University Press , 2015); 307
^ « : », . 391, .
^ , (29 2016 .). « » . BBC News .
^ , ; , (10 2014 ). « » . . 17 2019 . . : « 50 15 68 . , , , , . , - 13 20 .
^ (30 2018 ). « , 63 » . . 17 2019 . . : « 63 « » , 21 , . , , , , . , , «, , , , ».
^ , . « - , , » . Foregin . +17 2019 . : « 1994 , , , - ".
^ " - " " " . . 2 2013 . 23 2014 . 10 2 014 .
^ (7 2013 .). « : NCRB» . . 7 2014 . 10 2 014 .
^ " " , sscnet.ucla.eduaccessdate = 14 2016 , 14 2016
^ « » , festivals.indobase.com , 28 2011 . , 23 2007 .
^ : a b c d e , (1996), : , : , . 26, ISBN 978-0-226-78976-7
^ : a b c , (1996), : , : , . 26–28, ISBN 978-0-226-78976-7
^ : Alkazi, Roshen (2002), « » , Rahman ( .), , , , . 464–484, ISBN 978-0-19-565789-0
^ , ; , (2011), : - , , . 1272, ISBN 978-0-19-960110-3 , 3 2019 .
^ , ; , (2011), : - , , . 774, ISBN 978-0-19-960110-3
^ Platts, . ( ) (1884), , , : WH Allen & Co. , p. 418 (; 2015 .)
^ , ; , (2011), : - , , . 792, ISBN 978-0-19-960110-3
^ , (1996), : , : , . 28, ISBN 978-0-226-78976-7
^ , (1996), : , , . 133, ISBN 978-0-226-78976-7
^ , (2011), : - , , . 260, ISBN 978-0-8020-9257-1 , 20 2019 , 29 2019
^ Shome, Raka (2014), Diana and Beyond: , - , , . 102–103, ISBN 978-0-252-09668-6
^ : , (2015), « : , » , , . 71, ISBN 978-0-253-02121-2
^ : a b c d e , (2014), « : » , Reaktion Books , . 244–245, ISBN 978-1-78023-304-8
^ , (2013), « » , Stella Bruzzi, (.), : , , Routledge , . 178–189, ISBN 978-1-136-29537-9
^ Dias (1 1996 .). . . . 215. ISBN 978-81-250-0325-0 , 28 2013 . +29 2012 .
^ , .; , . (23 2010 .). : : , . Press DK. . 176. ISBN 978-87-630-0222-6 , 28 2013 . +29 2012 .
^ D (16 2008 .). «: » . . , . 12 2012 . +26 2012 .
^ Cornillez, Louise Marie M. (Spring 1999). "The History of the Spice Trade in India" . english.emory.edu . Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2016 .
^ Jump up to: a b c Sen, Colleen Taylor (2014), Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India , Reaktion Books , pp. 164–165, ISBN 978-1-78023-391-8
^ Jump up to: a b Roger, Delphine (2000), "The Middle East and South Asia (in Chapter: History and Culture of Food and Drink in Asia)" , in Kiple, Kenneth F.; Ornelas, Kriemhild Coneè (eds.), The Cambridge World History of Food , 2 , Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press , pp. 1140–1150, ISBN 978-0-521-40215-6
^ Jump up to: a b c Davidson, Alan (2014), The Oxford Companion to Food , Oxford University Press , p. 409, ISBN 978-0-19-967733-7
^ Jump up to: a b c d Davidson, Alan (2014), The Oxford Companion to Food , Oxford University Press , p. 410, ISBN 978-0-19-967733-7
^ Jump up to: a b Sahakian, Marlyne; Saloma, Czarina; Erkman, Suren (2016), Food Consumption in the City: Practices and patterns in urban Asia and the Pacific , Taylor & Francis , p. 50, ISBN 978-1-317-31050-1
^ OECD; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2018), OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2018-2027 , OECD Publishing , p. 21, ISBN 978-92-64-06203-0
^ Sengupta, Jayanta (2014), "India" , in Freedman, Paul; Chaplin, Joyce E.; Albala, Ken (eds.), Food in Time and Place: The American Historical Association Companion to Food History , University of California Press , p. 74, ISBN 978-0-520-27745-8
^ Jump up to: a b c Collingham, Elizabeth M. (2007), Curry: A Tale of Cooks and Conquerors , Oxford University Press , p. 25, ISBN 978-0-19-532001-5
^ Nandy, Ashis (2004), "The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes", South Asia Research , 24 (1): 9–19, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.830.7136 , doi :10.1177/0262728004042760 , ISSN 0262-7280
^ Majumdar & Bandyopadhyay 2006 , pp. 1–5.
^ Srinivasan, Radhika; Jermyn, Leslie; Lek, Hui Hui (2001), India , Times Books International, p. 109, ISBN 978-981-232-184-8 Quote: "Girls in India usually play jump rope, or hopscotch, and five stones, tossing the stones up in the air and catching them in many different ways ... the coconut-plucking contests, groundnut-eating races, ... of rural India."
^ Shores, Lori (15 February 2007), Teens in India , Compass Point Books , p. 78, ISBN 978-0-7565-2063-2 , archived from the original on 17 June 2012, retrieved 24 July 2011
^ "Top 10 most watched sports leagues in the world" . www.sportskeeda.com . 11 January 2016. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2019 .
^ "Basketball team named for 11th South Asian Games" . The Nation (Pakistan) . Nawaiwaqt Group. 2 January 2010. Archived from the original on 2 December 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2019 .
Bibliography
Overview
"India" , The World Factbook , Central Intelligence Agency , retrieved 23 August 2017
"Country Profile: India" (PDF) , Library of Congress Country Studies (5th ed.), Library of Congress Federal Research Division , December 2004, retrieved 30 September 2011
Heitzman, J.; Worden, R. L. (August 1996), India: A Country Study , Area Handbook Series, Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress , ISBN 978-0-8444-0833-0
India , International Monetary Fund , retrieved 14 October 2011
Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011 India , Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, lay summary
"Constituent Assembly of India – Volume XII" , Constituent Assembly of India: Debates , National Informatics Centre , Government of India, 24 January 1950, archived from the original on 21 July 2011, retrieved 17 July 2011
"There's No National Language in India: Gujarat High Court" , The Times of India , 6 January 2007, retrieved 17 July 2011
"Table 1: Human Development Index and its Components" (PDF) , Human Development Report 2011 , United Nations , 2011
Etymology
Serge Gruzinski (13 January 2015), The Eagle and the Dragon: Globalization and European Dreams of Conquest in China and America in the Sixteenth Century , John Wiley & Sons , ISBN 978-0-7456-8134-4
"Hindustan" , Encyclopædia Britannica , retrieved 17 July 2011
Kaye, A. S. (1 September 1997), Phonologies of Asia and Africa , Eisenbrauns , ISBN 978-1-57506-019-4
Kuiper, K., ed. (July 2010), Culture of India , Rosen Publishing Group , ISBN 978-1-61530-203-1
Constitution of India (PDF) , Ministry of Law and Justice , 29 July 2008, archived from the original (PDF) on 9 September 2014, retrieved 3 March 2012 , Article 1(1): "India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States."
"India" , Oxford English Dictionary , Oxford University Press , retrieved 17 July 2011
History
Asher, C. B.; Talbot, C (1 January 2008), India Before Europe (1st ed.), Cambridge University Press , ISBN 978-0-521-51750-8
Bose, S. ; Jalal, A. (11 March 2011), Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy (3rd ed.), Routledge , ISBN 978-0-415-77942-5
Brown, J. M. (26 May 1994), Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy , The Short Oxford History of the Modern World (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-873113-9
Coningham, Robin; Young, Ruth (2015), The Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c. 6500 BCE – 200 CE , Cambridge University Press , ISBN 978-0-521-84697-4
Copland, I. (8 October 2001), India 1885–1947: The Unmaking of an Empire (1st ed.), Longman , ISBN 978-0-582-38173-5
Kulke, H. ; Rothermund, D. (1 August 2004), A History of India , 4th, Routledge , ISBN 978-0-415-32920-0
Ludden, D. (13 June 2002), India and South Asia: A Short History , One World , ISBN 978-1-85168-237-9
Metcalf, B. ; Metcalf, T. R. (9 October 2006), A Concise History of Modern India (2nd ed.), Cambridge University Press , ISBN 978-0-521-68225-1
Peers, D. M. (3 August 2006), India under Colonial Rule 1700–1885 (1st ed.), Pearson Longman , ISBN 978-0-582-31738-3
Petraglia, Michael D.; Allchin, Bridget (2007), "Human evolution and culture change in the Indian subcontinent" , in Michael Petraglia; Bridget Allchin (eds.), The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and Genetics , Springer Publishing , ISBN 978-1-4020-5562-1
Possehl, G. (January 2003), The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective , Rowman Altamira , ISBN 978-0-7591-0172-2
Robb, P. (2001), A History of India , London: Palgrave , ISBN 978-0-333-69129-8
Sarkar, S. (1983), Modern India: 1885–1947 , Delhi: Macmillan India , ISBN 978-0-333-90425-1
Singh, U. (2009), A History of Ancient and Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century , Delhi: Longman , ISBN 978-81-317-1677-9
Sripati, V. (1998), "Toward Fifty Years of Constitutionalism and Fundamental Rights in India: Looking Back to See Ahead (1950–2000)", American University International Law Review , 14 (2): 413–496
Stein, B. (16 June 1998), A History of India (1st ed.), Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell , ISBN 978-0-631-20546-3
Stein, B. (27 April 2010), Arnold, D. (ed.), A History of India (2nd ed.), Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell , ISBN 978-1-4051-9509-6
"Briefing Rooms: India" , Economic Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 17 December 2009, archived from the original on 20 May 2011
Thapar, Romila (2003), Penguin history of early India: from the origins to A.D.1300 , Penguin Books , retrieved 13 February 2012
Witzel, Michael (2001), "Autochthonous Aryans? The Evidence from Old Indian and Iranian Texts" (PDF) , Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies , 7 (3): 1–115
Witzel, Michael (2003), "Vedas and Upanișads" , in Gavin D. Flood (ed.), The Blackwell companion to Hinduism , John Wiley & Sons , ISBN 978-0-631-21535-6 , retrieved 15 March 2012
Witzel, Michael (2005), "Indocentrism" , in Bryant, Edwin; Patton, Laurie L. (eds.), The Indo-Aryan Controversy. Evidence and inference in Indian history , Routledge
Wolpert, S. (25 December 2003), A New History of India (7th ed.), Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-516678-1
Geography
Ali, J. R.; Aitchison, J. C. (2005), "Greater India", Earth-Science Reviews , 72 (3–4): 170–173, Bibcode :2005ESRv...72..169A , doi :10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.07.005
Chang, J. H. (1967), "The Indian Summer Monsoon", Geographical Review , American Geographical Society, Wiley, 57 (3), pp. 373–396, doi :10.2307/212640 , JSTOR 212640
Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 with Amendments Made in 1988 (PDF) , Department of Environment and Forests, Government of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 1988, archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011, retrieved 25 July 2011
Dikshit, K. R.; Schwartzberg, Joseph E. , "India: Land" , Encyclopædia Britannica , pp. 1–29
Duff, D. (29 October 1993), Holmes Principles of Physical Geology (4th ed.), Routledge , ISBN 978-0-7487-4381-0
Kumar, V. S.; Pathak, K. C.; Pednekar, P.; Raju, N. S. N. (2006), "Coastal processes along the Indian coastline" (PDF) , Current Science , 91 (4), pp. 530–536, archived from the original (PDF) on 8 September 2009
India Yearbook 2007 , New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting , Government of India , 2007, ISBN 978-81-230-1423-4
Posey, C. A. (1 November 1994), The Living Earth Book of Wind and Weather , Reader's Digest , ISBN 978-0-89577-625-9
Prakash, B.; Kumar, S.; Rao, M. S.; Giri, S. C. (2000), "Holocene Tectonic Movements and Stress Field in the Western Gangetic Plains" (PDF) , Current Science , 79 (4): 438–449
Biodiversity
Ali, S. ; Ripley, S. D. ; Dick, J. H. (15 August 1996), A Pictorial Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent (2nd ed.), Mumbai: Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-563732-8
Animal Discoveries 2011: New Species and New Records (PDF) , Zoological Survey of India , 2012, archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013, retrieved 20 July 2012
Basak, R. K. (1983), Botanical Survey of India: Account of Its Establishment, Development, and Activities , India. Department of Environment, retrieved 20 July 2011
"Hotspots by Region" , Biodiversity Hotspots , Conservation International , 2007, archived from the original on 8 July 2007, retrieved 28 February 2011
Crame, J. A.; Owen, A. W. (1 August 2002), Palaeobiogeography and Biodiversity Change: The Ordovician and Mesozoic–Cenozoic Radiations , Geological Society Special Publication, Geological Society of London , ISBN 978-1-86239-106-2 , retrieved 8 December 2011
"Forest Cover" (PDF) . State of Forest Report 2013 . Dehradun: Forest Survey of India . 2013.
Griffiths, M. (6 July 2010), The Lotus Quest: In Search of the Sacred Flower , St. Martin's Press , ISBN 978-0-312-64148-1
Karanth, K. P. (25 March 2006), "Out-of-India Gondwanan Origin of Some Tropical Asian Biota" (PDF) , Current Science , 90 (6): 789–792, retrieved 18 May 2011
Mace, G. M. (March 1994), "1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals" , World Conservation Monitoring Centre , International Union for Conservation of Nature , ISBN 978-2-8317-0194-3
"Biosphere Reserves of India" , C. P. R. Environment Education Centre , Ministry of Environment and Forests , Government of India , retrieved 17 July 2011
Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 , Ministry of Environment and Forests , Government of India , 9 September 1972, retrieved 25 July 2011
Puri, S. K., "Biodiversity Profile of India" , ces.iisc.ernet.in , archived from the original on 21 November 2011, retrieved 20 June 2007
The List of Wetlands of International Importance (PDF) , The Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands, 4 June 2007, p. 18, archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2007, retrieved 20 June 2007
Tritsch, M. F. (3 September 2001), Wildlife of India , London: HarperCollins , ISBN 978-0-00-711062-9
Politics
Banerjee, Sumanta (16–22 July 2005). "Civilising the BJP". Economic & Political Weekly . 40 (29): 3116–3119. JSTOR 4416896 . CS1 maint: ref=harv (link )
Bhambhri, C. P. (1 May 1992), Politics in India, 1991–1992 , Shipra, ISBN 978-81-85402-17-8 , retrieved 20 July 2011
Burnell, P. J.; Calvert, P. (1 May 1999), The Resilience of Democracy: Persistent Practice, Durable Idea (1st ed.), Taylor & Francis , ISBN 978-0-7146-8026-2 , retrieved 20 July 2011
India, Press Trust of (16 May 2009), "Second UPA Win, A Crowning Glory for Sonia's Ascendancy" , Business Standard India, retrieved 13 June 2009
Chander, N. J. (1 January 2004), Coalition Politics: The Indian Experience , Concept Publishing Company, ISBN 978-81-8069-092-1 , retrieved 20 July 2011
Dunleavy, P.; Diwakar, R.; Dunleavy, C. (2007), The Effective Space of Party Competition (PDF) , London School of Economics and Political Science, retrieved 27 September 2011
Dutt, S. (1998), "Identities and the Indian State: An Overview", Third World Quarterly , 19 (3): 411–434, doi :10.1080/01436599814325
Echeverri-Gent, J. (January 2002), "Politics in India's Decentred Polity" , in Ayres, A.; Oldenburg, P. (eds.), Quickening the Pace of Change , India Briefing, London: M. E. Sharpe , pp. 19–53 , ISBN 978-0-7656-0812-3
"Current Recognised Parties" (PDF) , Election Commission of India , 14 March 2009, retrieved 5 July 2010
Gledhill, A. (30 March 1970), The Republic of India: The Development of its Laws and Constitution , Greenwood , ISBN 978-0-8371-2813-9 , retrieved 21 July 2011
Halarnkar, Samar (13 June 2012). "Narendra Modi makes his move" . BBC News . The right-wing Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), India's primary opposition party
Malik, Yogendra K.; Singh, V. B. (April 1992). "Bharatiya Janata Party: An Alternative to the Congress (I)?". Asian Survey . 32 (4): 318–336. doi :10.2307/2645149 . JSTOR 2645149 . CS1 maint: ref=harv (link )
Mathew, K. M. (1 January 2003), Manorama Yearbook , Malayala Manorama , ISBN 978-81-900461-8-3 , retrieved 21 July 2011
"National Symbols of India" , Know India , National Informatics Centre , Government of India , retrieved 27 September 2009
Neuborne, B. (2003), "The Supreme Court of India", International Journal of Constitutional Law , 1 (3): 476–510, doi :10.1093/icon/1.3.476
Pylee, M. V. (2003), "The Longest Constitutional Document" , Constitutional Government in India (2nd ed.), S. Chand , ISBN 978-81-219-2203-6
Pylee, M. V. (2003), "The Union Judiciary: The Supreme Court" , Constitutional Government in India (2nd ed.), S. Chand , ISBN 978-81-219-2203-6 , retrieved 2 November 2007
Sarkar, N. I. (1 January 2007), Sonia Gandhi: Tryst with India , Atlantic , ISBN 978-81-269-0744-1 , retrieved 20 July 2011
Sharma, R. (1950), "Cabinet Government in India", Parliamentary Affairs , 4 (1): 116–126, doi :10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a052755
Sharma, B. K. (August 2007), Introduction to the Constitution of India (4th ed.), Prentice Hall , ISBN 978-81-203-3246-1
Sinha, A. (2004), "The Changing Political Economy of Federalism in India", India Review , 3 (1): 25–63, doi :10.1080/14736480490443085
World's Largest Democracy to Reach One Billion Persons on Independence Day , United Nations Population Division , retrieved 5 October 2011
Wheare, K. C. (June 1980), Federal Government (4th ed.), Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-313-22702-8
Foreign relations and military
Alford, P. (7 July 2008), G8 Plus 5 Equals Power Shift , The Australian , retrieved 21 November 2009
Behera, L. K. (7 March 2011), Budgeting for India's Defence: An Analysis of Defence Budget 2011–2012 , Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses , retrieved 4 April 2011
Behera, L. K. (20 March 2012), India's Defence Budget 2012–13 , Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses , archived from the original on 15 December 2012, retrieved 26 March 2012
"Russia Agrees India Nuclear Deal" , BBC News , British Broadcasting Corporation , 11 February 2009, retrieved 22 August 2010
Curry, B. (27 June 2010), "Canada Signs Nuclear Deal with India" , The Globe and Mail , retrieved 13 May 2011
"India, Europe Strategic Relations" , Europa: Summaries of EU Legislation , European Union , 8 April 2008, retrieved 14 January 2011
Ghosh, A. (1 September 2009), India's Foreign Policy , Pearson , ISBN 978-81-317-1025-8
Gilbert, M. (17 December 2002), A History of the Twentieth Century , William Morrow , ISBN 978-0-06-050594-3 , retrieved 22 July 2011
Kumar, A. V. (1 May 2010), "Reforming the NPT to Include India" , Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists , retrieved 1 November 2010
Miglani, S. (28 February 2011), "With An Eye on China, India Steps Up Defence Spending" , Reuters , retrieved 6 July 2011
Nair, V. K. (2007), "No More Ambiguity: India's Nuclear Policy" (PDF) , afsa.org , archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007, retrieved 7 June 2007
Pandit, R. (27 July 2009), "N-Submarine to Give India Crucial Third Leg of Nuke Triad" , The Times of India , retrieved 10 March 2010
Perkovich, G. (5 November 2001), India's Nuclear Bomb: The Impact on Global Proliferation , University of California Press , ISBN 978-0-520-23210-5 , retrieved 22 July 2011
India, France Agree on Civil Nuclear Cooperation , Rediff , 25 January 2008, retrieved 22 August 2010
"UK, India Sign Civil Nuclear Accord" , Reuters , 13 February 2010, retrieved 22 August 2010
Ripsman, N. M.; Paul, T. V. (18 March 2010), Globalization and the National Security State , Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-539390-3 , retrieved 22 July 2011
Rothermund, D. (17 October 2000), The Routledge Companion to Decolonization , Routledge Companions to History (1st ed.), Routledge , ISBN 978-0-415-35632-9
India Gets Its First Homegrown Fighter Jet , RIA Novosti , 10 January 2011, retrieved 1 April 2009
Sharma, S. R. (1 January 1999), India–USSR Relations 1947–1971: From Ambivalence to Steadfastness , 1 , Discovery, ISBN 978-81-7141-486-4
Shukla, A. (5 March 2011), "China Matches India's Expansion in Military Spending" , Business Standard India, retrieved 6 July 2011
Sisodia, N. S.; Naidu, G. V. C. (2005), Changing Security Dynamic in Eastern Asia: Focus on Japan , Promilla, ISBN 978-81-86019-52-8
"SIPRI Yearbook 2008: Armaments, Disarmament, and International Security" , Stockholm International Peace Research Institute , Oxford University Press , 8 August 2008, ISBN 978-0-19-954895-8 , retrieved 22 July 2011
"Rise in international arms transfers is driven by Asian demand, says SIPRI" , Stockholm International Peace Research Initiative , 19 March 2012, retrieved 5 April 2016
"India, US Sign 123 Agreement" , The Times of India , 11 October 2008, retrieved 21 July 2011
Economy
Alamgir, J. (24 December 2008), India's Open-Economy Policy: Globalism, Rivalry, Continuity , Taylor & Francis , ISBN 978-0-415-77684-4 , retrieved 23 July 2011
Bonner, B (20 March 2010), "Make Way, World. India Is on the Move" , Christian Science Monitor , retrieved 23 July 2011
Drèze, Jean; Sen, Amartya (2013), An Uncertain Glory: India and Its Contradictions , Allen Lane
Farrell, D.; Beinhocker, E. (19 May 2007), Next Big Spenders: India's Middle Class , McKinsey & Company , retrieved 17 September 2011
Gargan, E. A. (15 August 1992), "India Stumbles in Rush to a Free Market Economy" , The New York Times , retrieved 22 July 2011
Hawksworth, John; Tiwari, Anmol (January 2011), The World in 2050: The Accelerating Shift of Global Economic Power: Challenges and Opportunities (PDF) , PricewaterhouseCoopers , retrieved 23 July 2011
Nayak, P. B.; Goldar, B.; Agrawal, P. (10 November 2010), India's Economy and Growth: Essays in Honour of V. K. R. V. Rao , SAGE Publications , ISBN 978-81-321-0452-0
Pal, P.; Ghosh, J (July 2007), "Inequality in India: A Survey of Recent Trends" (PDF) , Economic and Social Affairs : DESA Working Paper No. 45 , United Nations , retrieved 23 July 2011
Schwab, K. (2010), The Global Competitiveness Report 2010–2011 (PDF) , World Economic Forum , retrieved 10 May 2011
Sheth, N. (28 May 2009), "Outlook for Outsourcing Spending Brightens" , The Wall Street Journal , retrieved 3 October 2010
Srivastava, V.C. (2008), "Introduction" , in V.C. Srivastava; Lallanji Gopal (eds.), History of Agriculture in India (up to c.1200 AD) , History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Volume V Part 1, General Editor: D.P. Chattopadhyaya, Concept Publishing Co, ISBN 978-81-8069-521-6
Yep, E. (27 September 2011), "ReNew Wind Power Gets $201 Million Goldman Investment" , The Wall Street Journal , retrieved 27 September 2011
India Lost $462bn in Illegal Capital Flows, Says Report , British Broadcasting Corporation , 18 November 2010, retrieved 23 July 2011
"India Second Fastest Growing Auto Market After China" , Business Line , 9 April 2010, retrieved 23 July 2011
"India's Economy: Not Just Rubies and Polyester Shirts" , The Economist , 8 October 2011, retrieved 9 October 2011
"Indian Car Exports Surge 36%" , Express India , 13 October 2009, retrieved 5 April 2016
Economic Survey of India 2007: Policy Brief (PDF) , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , October 2007, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2011, retrieved 22 July 2011
Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand , International Monetary Fund , April 2011, retrieved 23 July 2011
Information Note to the Press (Press Release No.29 /2011) (PDF) , Telecom Regulatory Authority of India , 6 April 2011, archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011, retrieved 23 July 2011
Corruption Perception Index 2010 – India Continues to be Corrupt (PDF) , Transparency International , 26 October 2011, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2011, retrieved 23 July 2011
India: Undernourished Children – A Call for Reform and Action , World Bank , archived from the original on 7 May 2012, retrieved 23 July 2011
Trade to Expand by 9.5% in 2010 After a Dismal 2009, WTO Reports , World Trade Organization , 26 March 2010, retrieved 23 July 2011
Indian IT-BPO Industry , NASSCOM , 2011–2012, archived from the original on 9 May 2012, retrieved 22 June 2012
Understanding th WTO: The Organization Members and Observers , WTO , 1995, archived from the original on 29 December 2009, retrieved 23 June 2012
World Economic Outlook Update , International Monetary Fund , June 2011, retrieved 22 July 2011
Demographics
Bonner, A. (1990), Averting the Apocalypse: Social Movements in India Today , Duke University Press , ISBN 978-0-8223-1048-8 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Chandramouli, C. (15 July 2011), Rural Urban Distribution of Population (PDF) , Ministry of Home Affairs (India) , retrieved 24 January 2015
Dev, S. M.; Rao, N. C. (2009), India: Perspectives on Equitable Development , Academic Foundation, ISBN 978-81-7188-685-2
Dharwadker, A. (28 October 2010), "Representing India's Pasts: Time, Culture, and Problems of Performance Historiography" , in Canning, C. M.; Postlewait, T. (eds.), Representing the Past: Essays in Performance Historiography , University of Iowa Press , ISBN 978-1-58729-905-6 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Drèze, J.; Goyal, A. (9 February 2009), "The Future of Mid-Day Meals" , in Baru, R. V. (ed.), School Health Services in India: The Social and Economic Contexts , SAGE Publications , ISBN 978-81-7829-873-3
Dyson, T.; Visaria, P. (7 July 2005), "Migration and Urbanisation: Retrospect and Prospects" , in Dyson, T.; Casses, R.; Visaria, L. (eds.), Twenty-First Century India: Population, Economy, Human Development, and the Environment , Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-928382-8
Garg, S. C. (19 April 2005), Mobilizing Urban Infrastructure Finance in India (PDF) , World Bank , archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2009, retrieved 27 January 2010
Mallikarjun, B (November 2004), "Fifty Years of Language Planning for Modern Hindi – The Official Language of India" , Language in India , 4 (11), ISSN 1930-2940 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Ottenheimer, H. J. (2008), The Anthropology of Language: An Introduction to Linguistic Anthropology , Cengage , ISBN 978-0-495-50884-7
Ratna, U. (2007), "Interface Between Urban and Rural Development in India" , in Dutt, A. K.; Thakur, B (eds.), City, Society, and Planning , 1 , Concept, ISBN 978-81-8069-459-2
Robinson, S. (1 May 2008), "India's Medical Emergency" , Time , retrieved 23 July 2011
Rorabacher, J. A. (2010), Hunger and Poverty in South Asia , Gyan, ISBN 978-81-212-1027-0
Country Cooperation Strategy: India (PDF) , World Health Organization , November 2006, retrieved 23 July 2011
Healthcare in India: Report Highlights (PDF) , Boston Analytics, January 2009, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2011, retrieved 23 July 2011
Notification No. 2/8/60-O.L , Ministry of Home Affairs , Government of India , 27 April 1960, archived from the original on 1 October 2014, retrieved 13 May 2011
"Census Data 2001" , Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner , Ministry of Home Affairs , Government of India , 2010–2011, retrieved 22 July 2011
"Religious Composition" , Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner , Ministry of Home Affairs , Government of India , 2010–2011, retrieved 23 July 2011
Culture
Agnivesh, Swami; Rama Mani; Angelika Köster-Lossack (25 November 2005). "Missing: 50 million Indian girls" . The New York Times . Retrieved 30 December 2013 .
Bunting, Madeleine (22 July 2011). "India's missing women" . The Guardian . Retrieved 30 December 2013 .
Binmore, K. G. (27 March 2007), Playing for Real: A Text on Game Theory , Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-530057-4
Bladholm, L. (12 August 2000), The Indian Grocery Store Demystified (1st ed.), Macmillan Publishers , ISBN 978-1-58063-143-3
"Saina Nehwal: India's Badminton Star and "New Woman" " , BBC News , 1 August 2010, retrieved 5 October 2010
"Commonwealth Games 2010: India Dominate Shooting Medals" , BBC News , 7 October 2010, retrieved 3 June 2011
Chopra, P. (18 March 2011), A Joint Enterprise: Indian Elites and the Making of British Bombay , University of Minnesota Press , ISBN 978-0-8166-7037-6
Cullen-Dupont, K. (July 2009), Human Trafficking (1st ed.), Infobase Publishing , ISBN 978-0-8160-7545-4
Das, S. K. (1 January 2005), A History of Indian Literature, 500–1399: From Courtly to the Popular , Sahitya Akademi , ISBN 978-81-260-2171-0
Datta, A. (2006), The Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature , 2 , Sahitya Akademi , ISBN 978-81-260-1194-0
Dehejia, R. S. (7 November 2011), "Indian Grand Prix Vs. Encephalitis?" , The Wall Street Journal , retrieved 20 December 2011
Deutsch, E. (30 April 1969), Advaita Vedānta: A Philosophical Reconstruction , University of Hawaii Press , ISBN 978-0-8248-0271-4
Dissanayake, W. K.; Gokulsing, M. (May 2004), Indian Popular Cinema: A Narrative of Cultural Change (2nd ed.), Trentham Books , ISBN 978-1-85856-329-9
"South Asian Arts: Indian Dance" , Encyclopædia Britannica , retrieved 17 July 2011
"Tamil Literature" , Encyclopædia Britannica , 2008, retrieved 24 July 2011
Eraly, A. (2008), India , Penguin Books , ISBN 978-0-7566-4952-4 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Hart, G. L. (August 1975), Poems of Ancient Tamil: Their Milieu and Their Sanskrit Counterparts (1st ed.), University of California Press , ISBN 978-0-520-02672-8
Heehs, P., ed. (1 September 2002), Indian Religions: A Historical Reader of Spiritual Expression and Experience , New York University Press , ISBN 978-0-8147-3650-0 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Henderson, C. E. (2002), Culture and Customs of India , Greenwood Publishing Group , ISBN 978-0-313-30513-9
Hoiberg, D.; Ramchandani, I. (2000), Students' Britannica India: Select Essays , Popular Prakashan , ISBN 978-0-85229-762-9
Johnson, W. J., ed. (1 September 2008), The Sauptikaparvan of the Mahabharata: The Massacre at Night , Oxford World's Classics (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-282361-8
Jones, G.; Ramdas, K. (2005), (Un)tying the Knot: Ideal and Reality in Asian Marriage , National University of Singapore Press , ISBN 978-981-05-1428-0
Kālidāsa ; Johnson, W. J. (15 November 2001), The Recognition of Śakuntalā: A Play in Seven Acts , Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-283911-4
Kaminsky, Arnold P.; Long, Roger D. (30 September 2011), India Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic , ABC-CLIO , ISBN 978-0-313-37462-3 , retrieved 12 September 2012
Karanth, S. K. (October 2002), Yakṣagāna , Abhinav Publications, ISBN 978-81-7017-357-1
Kiple, K. F.; Ornelas, K. C., eds. (2000), The Cambridge World History of Food , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press , ISBN 978-0-521-40216-3
Kuiper, K., ed. (1 July 2010), The Culture of India , Britannica Educational Publishing , ISBN 978-1-61530-203-1 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Kumar, V. (January 2000), Vastushastra , All You Wanted to Know About Series (2nd ed.), Sterling Publishing , ISBN 978-81-207-2199-9
Lal, A. (2004), The Oxford Companion to Indian Theatre , Oxford University Press , ISBN 978-0-19-564446-3 , retrieved 24 July 2011
Lang, J.; Moleski, W. (1 December 2010), Functionalism Revisited , Ashgate Publishing , ISBN 978-1-4094-0701-0
MacDonell, A. A. (2004), A History of Sanskrit Literature , Kessinger Publishing , ISBN 978-1-4179-0619-2
Majumdar, B.; Bandyopadhyay, K. (2006), A Social History of Indian Football: Striving To Score , Routledge , ISBN 978-0-415-34835-5
Makar, E. M. (2007), An American's Guide to Doing Business in India , Adams, ISBN 978-1-59869-211-2
Massey, R.; Massey, J (1998), The Music of India , Abhinav Publications, ISBN 978-81-7017-332-8
Medora, N. (2003), "Mate Selection in Contemporary India: Love Marriages Versus Arranged Marriages", in Hamon, R. R.; Ingoldsby, B. B. (eds.), Mate Selection Across Cultures , SAGE Publications , pp. 209–230, ISBN 978-0-7619-2592-7
Messner, W. (2009), Working with India. The Softer Aspects of a Successful Collaboration with the Indian IT & BPO Industry , Springer , ISBN 978-3-540-89077-5 , archived from the original on 20 August 2017, retrieved 6 May 2013
Messner, W. (2012), Engaging with India. How to Manage the Softer Aspects of a Global Collaboration , Createspace , ISBN 978-1-4662-4490-0
"Indian Readership Survey 2012 Q1 : Topline Findings" (PDF) . Media Research Users Council. Growth: Literacy & Media Consumption. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2012 .
Mehta, Nalin (30 July 2008), Television in India: Satellites, Politics and Cultural Change , Taylor & Francis US, ISBN 978-0-415-44759-1 , retrieved 12 September 2012
Is Boxing the New Cricket? , Mint , 24 September 2010, retrieved 5 October 2010
Nakamura, H. (1 April 1999), Indian Buddhism: A Survey with Bibliographical Notes , Buddhist Tradition Series (12th ed.), Motilal Banarsidass , ISBN 978-81-208-0272-8
Puskar-Pasewicz, M. (16 September 2010), Cultural Encyclopedia of Vegetarianism , Greenwood Publishing Group , ISBN 978-0-313-37556-9
Raghavan, S. (23 October 2006), Handbook of Spices, Seasonings, and Flavorings (2nd ed.), CRC Press , ISBN 978-0-8493-2842-8
Raichlen, S. (10 May 2011), "A Tandoor Oven Brings India's Heat to the Backyard" , The New York Times , retrieved 14 June 2011
Rajadhyaksha, A.; Willemen, P., eds. (22 January 1999), Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema (2nd ed.), British Film Institute , ISBN 978-0-85170-669-6
Ramanujan, A. K. (translator) (15 October 1985), Poems of Love and War: From the Eight Anthologies and the Ten Long Poems of Classical Tamil , New York: Columbia University Press , pp. ix–x, ISBN 978-0-231-05107-1
Rawat, Ramnarayan S (23 March 2011), Reconsidering Untouchability: Chamars and Dalit History in North India , Indiana University Press , ISBN 978-0-253-22262-6
Anand Crowned World Champion , Rediff , 29 October 2008, retrieved 29 October 2008
Roberts, N. W. (12 July 2004), Building Type Basics for Places of Worship (1st ed.), John Wiley & Sons , ISBN 978-0-471-22568-3
Schoenhals, M. (22 November 2003), Intimate Exclusion: Race and Caste Turned Inside Out , University Press of America , ISBN 978-0-7618-2697-2
Schwartzberg, J. (2011), "India: Caste" , Encyclopædia Britannica , retrieved 17 July 2011
Sen, A. (5 September 2006), The Argumentative Indian: Writings on Indian History, Culture, and Identity (1st ed.), Picador , ISBN 978-0-312-42602-6
Seymour, S.C. (28 January 1999), Women, Family, and Child Care in India: A World in Transition , Cambridge University Press , ISBN 978-0-521-59884-2
Silverman, S. (10 October 2007), Vastu: Transcendental Home Design in Harmony with Nature , Gibbs Smith , ISBN 978-1-4236-0132-6
Tarlo, E. (1 September 1996), Clothing Matters: Dress and Identity in India (1st ed.), University of Chicago Press , ISBN 978-0-226-78976-7 , retrieved 24 July 2011
"Sawant Shoots Historic Gold at World Championships" , The Times of India , 9 August 2010, retrieved 25 May 2011
Taj Mahal , United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation , retrieved 3 March 2012
"India Aims for Center Court" , The Wall Street Journal , 11 September 2009, retrieved 29 September 2010
Wengell, D. L.; Gabriel, N. (1 September 2008), Educational Opportunities in Integrative Medicine: The A-to-Z Healing Arts Guide and Professional Resource Directory (1st ed.), The Hunter Press, ISBN 978-0-9776552-4-3
Intergenerational Mobility for Dalits Is Visible, Albeit Limited (PDF) . World Bank Report 2011 . 2011. doi :10.1596/978-0-8213-8689-7 . ISBN 978-0-8213-8689-7 . Retrieved 6 September 2012 .
Xavier, L. (12 September 2010), "Sushil Kumar Wins Gold in World Wrestling Championship" , The Times of India , retrieved 5 October 2010
Yadav, S. S.; McNeil, D.; Stevenson, P. C. (23 October 2007), Lentil: An Ancient Crop for Modern Times , Springer , ISBN 978-1-4020-6312-1
Zvelebil, K. V. (1 August 1997), Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature , Brill Publishers , ISBN 978-90-04-09365-2
External links
Government
General information
show India topics
show History
Overviews
Astronomy
Clothing
Coinage
Economics
LGBT
Linguistics
Maritime
Mathematics
Metallurgy
Military
Postal
Science and technology
Pre-colonial
Stone Age
Indus Valley Civilization
Vedic period
Mahajanapadas
Mauryas
Middle kingdoms
Hoysala
Chola
Pala
Kakatiya
Delhi Sultanate
Vijayanagara
Mughals
Marathas
European trade
East India Company
Plassey
1857 rebellion
British Raj
Railways
Economy
Army
Zamindari
Bengali Renaissance
Political reforms
Princely states
Partition of Bengal
Independence movement
1943 famine
World War II
Partition
Republic
Integration
Non-Aligned Movement
Five-Year Plans
Sino-Indian War
Indo-Pakistani wars
Green Revolution
White Revolution
Naxal Insurgency
Smiling Buddha
Space programme
The Emergency
Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF)
Economic liberalisation
Pokhran-II
show Geography
Environment
Biosphere reserves
Climate
Earthquakes
Ecoregions
Environmental issues
Fauna
Flora
Geology
National parks
Protected areas
Wildlife
sanctuaries
Landforms
Beaches
Desert
Extreme points
Glaciers
Islands
Lakes
Mountains
Plains